Waa maxay phosphating pickling
Waa habka daawaynta dusha birta ah, pickling waa isticmaalka fiirsashada aashitada si loo nadiifiyo birta si looga saaro miridhku korka.Phosphating waa in lagu qooyo birta-ashitada lagu dhaqay oo leh xalka fosfatinta si loo sameeyo filim oksaydh oo korka ah, kaas oo ka hortagi kara miridhka iyo hagaajinta ku dhejinta rinjiga si loogu diyaariyo tallaabada xigta.

Qaadashada si looga saaro miridhku iyo diirka ayaa ah habka ugu badan ee loo isticmaalo beerta warshadaha.Ujeedada ka saarista miridhku iyo ka saarista maqaarka waxaa lagu gaaraa xayuubin farsamaysan oo hydrogen ah oo ay soo saarto kala dirida aashitada ee oksaydhka iyo daxalka.Kuwa ugu caansan ee loo isticmaalo qajaarka waa hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid iyo phosphoric acid.Nitric acid si dhif ah ayaa loo isticmaalaa sababtoo ah waxay soo saartaa gaaska nitrogen dioxide ee sunta ah inta lagu jiro soosaarka.Qaadashada acid Hydrochloric waxay ku habboon tahay isticmaalka heerkulka hooseeya, waa inuusan dhaafin 45 ℃, isticmaalka xoogga saarista 10% ilaa 45%, waa in sidoo kale lagu daro qadar ku habboon oo ceeryaamo acid ah.Sulfuric acid at heerkulka hooseeyo xawaaraha pickling waa mid aad u gaabis ah, waa in loo isticmaalo in heerkulka dhexdhexaadka ah, heerkulka 50 ~ 80 ℃, isticmaalka diiradda of 10% ~ 25%.Faa'iidada ay leedahay phosphoric acid picking waa in aysan soo saari doonin hadhaaga sunta ah (in ka badan ama ka yar waxaa jiri doona Cl-, SO42- haraaga ka dib markii la qaado hydrochloric acid iyo sulfuric acid), taas oo ah mid badbaado leh, laakiin faa'iidada fosfooraska ayaa ah in Qiimuhu wuu sarreeyaa, xawaaruhu waa gaabis, isticmaalka guud ee 10% ilaa 40%, iyo heerkulka daawaynta wuxuu noqon karaa heerkul caadi ah ilaa 80℃.Habka qaadashada, isticmaalka asiidhyada isku dhafan ayaa sidoo kale ah hab aad waxtar u leh, sida hydrochloric-sulfuric acid mix acid, fosfo-citric acid isku qasan.Qadarka habboon ee ka hortagga daxalka waa in lagu daraa qajaarka, ka saarista miridhku iyo xalka haanta saarista oksaydhka.Waxaa jira noocyo badan oo ka mid ah daxalka inhibitors, doorashaduna waa sahlan tahay, doorkeeduna waa in la joojiyo daxalka birta iyo ka hortagga "hydrogen embrittlement".Si kastaba ha ahaatee, marka pickling "hydrogen embrittleness" workpieces xasaasi ah, doorashada ee daxalka inhibitors waa in si gaar ah taxaddar, sababtoo ah qaar ka mid ah inhibitors daxalka hor istaago falcelinta ee laba atamka hydrogen galay molecules hydrogen, kuwaas oo ah: 2[H] → H2↑, si fiirsashada fiirsashada. atamka hydrogen-ka ee dusha sare ee birta ayaa la kordhiyaa, taasoo kor u qaadaysa u janjeersiga "hydrogen ebrittleness".Sidaa darteed, waa lagama maarmaan in la tashado buug-gacmeedka xogta daxalka ama la sameeyo tijaabada "hydrogen embrittlements" si looga fogaado isticmaalka khataraha daxalka.

Horumarka tignoolajiyada nadiifinta warshadaha - nadiifinta laser cagaaran
Waxa loogu yeero tignoolajiyada nadiifinta laysarka waxaa loola jeedaa isticmaalka laydhka tamarta sare leh si ay u iftiimiso dusha sare ee workpiece, si dusha wasakhda, miridhku ama dahaadhka uumiga degdega ah ama xariifinta, xawaaraha sare iyo ka saarida wax ku ool ah dusha shayga. dhejinta ama dahaarka dusha sare, si loo gaaro hab nadiif ah.Waa tignoolajiyada cusub ee ku salaysan saamaynta isdhexgalka ee laysarka iyo walaxda, waxayna leedahay faa'iidooyin muuqda marka la barbar dhigo hababka nadiifinta dhaqameed sida nadiifinta farsamada, nadiifinta daxalka kiimikada, nadiifinta saamaynta adag ee dareeraha ah, nadiifinta ultrasonic soo noqnoqda.Waa wax ku ool ah, degdeg ah, qiimo jaban, culeyska kulaylka yar iyo culeyska farsamada ee substrate-ka, iyo aan waxyeello u geysaneynin nadiifinta;Qashinka dib ayaa loo warshadeyn karaa, ma jiro wasakh deegaan oo badbaado leh oo la isku halleyn karo, ma dhaawici karto caafimaadka hawlwadeenku wuxuu ka saari karaa noocyo kala duwan oo dhumucdiisuna tahay, qaybaha kala duwan ee habka nadiifinta heerka daahan waa sahlan tahay in la gaaro xakamaynta tooska ah, nadiifinta fogaanta iyo wixii la mid ah.

Farsamada nadiifinta laysarka ee cagaarka ah iyo wasakhda-la'aanta ah waxay si buuxda u xallisaa dhaleeceynta wasakhowga deegaanka ee tignoolajiyada daawaynta fosfatka.Tiknoolajiyada ilaalinta deegaanka iyo tignoolajiyada nadiifinta cagaaran - "nadiifinta leysarka" ayaa timid oo la kacday qulqulka.Cilmi baaristeeda iyo horumarinteeda iyo codsigeeda ayaa horseedaya isbeddelka cusub ee qaabka nadiifinta warshadaha waxayna keenaan muuqaal cusub warshadaha daaweynta dusha sare ee adduunka.